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Defense
Definition:
In psychoanalysis, defense mechanisms are unconscious psychological strategies that individuals use to cope with anxiety or internal conflicts. These mechanisms serve to protect the ego from uncomfortable thoughts or feelings, often distorting reality in the process.
The Concept of Defense in Psychoanalysis
Defense mechanisms are a crucial aspect of psychoanalytic theory, developed by Sigmund Freud. In the field of psychology, defense mechanisms refer to a set of unconscious psychological strategies that are used to cope with anxiety and protect the ego from perceived threats. These defenses operate at an unconscious level and help individuals manage internal conflicts and stressors.
Types of Defense Mechanisms
There are various types of defense mechanisms identified by psychoanalysts. Some common examples include:
- Repression: Unconsciously pushing unwanted or distressing thoughts and memories out of awareness.
- Denial: Refusing to accept the reality of a situation or how one feels about it.
- Projection: Attributing one's unacceptable thoughts or feelings to someone else.
- Rationalization: Creating logical explanations or justifications for irrational or unacceptable behaviors.
- Sublimation: Channeling unacceptable impulses into socially acceptable activities.
Role of Defense Mechanisms
Defense mechanisms play a crucial role in protecting the individual from overwhelming anxiety and maintaining psychological equilibrium. They help individuals navigate challenging situations and cope with inner conflicts. However, excessive or maladaptive use of defense mechanisms can lead to psychological issues and interfere with personal growth and well-being.
Psychoanalytic therapy often involves exploring and understanding a person's defense mechanisms to uncover underlying conflicts and facilitate personal development. By becoming aware of these defenses, individuals can work towards healthier coping strategies and a more authentic sense of self.
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