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Working memory
Definition:
Working memory is a cognitive system responsible for temporarily storing and manipulating information needed to perform various cognitive tasks, such as reasoning and problem-solving. It allows for the active maintenance and manipulation of information in the mind for short periods of time.
The Concept of Working Memory in Cognitive Science
Understanding Working Memory
Working memory is a crucial cognitive function that enables us to temporarily store and manipulate information to perform complex cognitive tasks. It is often referred to as the brain's "workspace" or "mental scratchpad" as it allows us to hold information in mind while we work with it.
Components of Working Memory
Working memory consists of three main components:
- Central Executive: Responsible for directing attention and allocating resources to different tasks.
- Visuospatial Sketchpad: Handles visual and spatial information.
- Phonological Loop: Deals with auditory and verbal information.
Role of Working Memory in Cognitive Tasks
Working memory plays a crucial role in various cognitive tasks such as problem-solving, decision-making, language comprehension, and learning. It allows us to hold information in mind, manipulate it, and apply it to the task at hand.
Limitations and Variability
Working memory capacity varies among individuals, and factors such as age, cognitive load, and distractions can impact its effectiveness. Understanding the limitations of working memory is essential for optimizing cognitive performance.
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